Understanding Endometriosis: Symptoms & Treatment Options

Endometriosis is a common but often misunderstood condition affecting millions of women worldwide. It is one of the leading causes of chronic pelvic pain and infertility, yet many women go undiagnosed for years. At Women’s Health Associates, we are committed to raising awareness, providing expert care, and empowering women with the knowledge they need to manage their health.

If you have been experiencing painful periods, discomfort during intercourse, or unexplained infertility, understanding endometriosis is the first step toward effective management. This article will cover what endometriosis is, its symptoms, how it is diagnosed, and the latest treatment options available.

What is Endometriosis?

Endometriosis occurs when endometrial tissue (tissue that lines the inside of the uterus) grows outside the uterus. It commonly affects the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and pelvic tissues. In severe cases, it may spread to the bladder, intestines, or other organs.

Like the normal endometrial lining, this tissue thickens, breaks down, and sheds during the menstrual cycle. This causes inflammation, pain, and scar tissue (adhesions) that can lead to severe discomfort and reproductive health complications.

Common Symptoms of Endometriosis

Symptoms can vary widely. Some women experience mild discomfort, while others face severe, debilitating pain. The most common symptoms include:

• Severe Pelvic Pain – Can occur before, during, or after menstruation and often worsens over time.
• Pain During Intercourse – Deep pain with penetration, often linked to inflammation.
• Painful Bowel Movements or Urination – Especially during menstruation.
• Bloating and Digestive Issues – Can mimic irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) with nausea, diarrhea, or constipation.
• Chronic Fatigue – Inflammation and hormonal imbalances can contribute to ongoing exhaustion.
• Infertility – Up to 40 percent of women with endometriosis experience difficulty conceiving.

If you experience any of these symptoms, it is essential to seek medical evaluation. The Endometriosis Foundation of America provides further insights into how this condition affects reproductive health.

How is Endometriosis Diagnosed?

Diagnosing endometriosis can be challenging, as symptoms often overlap with other conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or pelvic inflammatory disease. At Women’s Health Associates, we use a combination of diagnostic tools, including:

• Pelvic Exam – A manual exam to detect abnormal growths or tenderness.
• Ultrasound – Imaging to identify ovarian cysts associated with endometriosis.
• Laparoscopy – A minimally invasive surgical procedure that provides a definitive diagnosis by allowing direct visualization and removal of endometrial lesions.

Diagnosing endometriosis can be challenging, as symptoms often overlap with other conditions that affect the abdomen and pelvis. Early diagnosis is key to effective management and preserving fertility. "Many women go undiagnosed for years because they assume severe period pain is normal. If you are experiencing persistent pelvic pain, don’t ignore it—seeking medical care early can make a significant difference in symptom relief and long-term health," explains Dr. Kelsi Drummond.

Early detection is critical for symptom management and fertility preservation. The Society for Women's Health Research (SWHR) provides resources to help patients navigate symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options

Treatment Options for Endometriosis

While there is no cure, several effective treatment options can reduce symptoms and improve quality of life. Treatment depends on the severity of symptoms and whether fertility is a concern.

"At Women’s Health Associates, we take a patient-centered approach to endometriosis treatment. Every woman’s experience with this condition is different, so we tailor treatment plans based on her symptoms, goals, and lifestyle. Whether it’s pain management, hormonal therapy, or surgical options, we work closely with each patient to find the best path forward," states Dr. Kelsi Drummond.

Pain Management

• Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen and naproxen can help manage mild to moderate pelvic pain.

Contraception Therapy (suppresses growth of endometrial tissue and reduces pain)

• Progestin Therapy – Suppress endometrial tissue growth and reduce menstrual flow.
• Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Agonists – Greater hormone suppression to halt estrogen production and shrink endometrial lesions.

Surgical Options

• Laparoscopic Excision Surgery – Removes endometrial tissue to relieve pain and improve fertility.
• Hysterectomy (Last Resort) – Recommended only in severe cases when other treatments have failed.

Fertility Treatment

• In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) – Bypasses the fallopian tubes and improves the chances of pregnancy.

Lifestyle and Alternative Therapies

• Anti-Inflammatory Diet – Nutrient-dense foods can help manage symptoms.
• Regular Exercise and Stress Reduction – Supports hormone balance and reduces inflammation.
• Acupuncture and Physical Therapy – Some women find relief through alternative treatments.

Take Control of Your Health

Endometriosis is more than just painful periods—it’s a chronic condition that requires expert care and proactive management. At Women’s Health Associates, we understand the challenges women face and are committed to providing personalized treatment plans, fertility support, and compassionate care to help you take control of your health.

If you’re experiencing symptoms of endometriosis, don’t wait to seek care. Early intervention can improve symptom management, fertility outcomes, and overall well-being. With two convenient locations serving the Kansas City Metro area, our team is here to support you at every stage of your health journey.

If you have any concerns about your health, don't hesitate to call our office at 913-677-3113 to schedule an appointment or speak with a Nurse. Your health matters—let’s take the next step together.

This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Consult with a healthcare professional for personalized advice.